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Roles suggested in linguistic work
Fillmore's (1968) roles
- agentive typically animate perceived instigator
- instrumental inanimate force or object causally involved
- dative animate being affected by the action
- factitive object or being resulting from the action
- locative location or spatial orientation of the action
- objective other entities involved in the action
Frawley's (1992) roles
- logical actors: agent, author, and instrument
- logical recipients: patient, experiencer, and benefactive
- spatial roles: theme, source, and goal
- non-participant roles: locative, reason, and purpose
No consensus on definitions (Lehmann 1996)